Everything about Barrier Troops totally explained
Barrier troops, also translated as
blocking troops or
blocking detachments in the
Army of the
Soviet Union was the general term to denote special forces for various barrier purposes. Their activity was intensified during the
Great Patriotic War.
On
June 27, 1941 the 3rd Department (
military counterintelligence of Soviet Army) of the USSR
Narkomat of Defense issued a directive about the creation of mobile barrier forces to operate on roads, railways, forests, etc. for the purpose of catching 'deserters and suspicious persons'. They were created from
NKVD troops augmented with counterintelligence operatives and were under the command of
NKVD.
With the aggravation of the military situation, barrier troops acquired a new mission: to stop the retreating troops. Among the first troops of this kind were formed in the
Bryansk Front on
September 5, 1941.
On
September 12, 1941
Joseph Stalin issued the
Stavka Directive #001919 (Директива Ставки ВГК №001919) about the creation of barrier troops in
rifle divisions of the
Southwestern Front, to suppress panic retreats. Every division was supposed to have barrier troops totalling one
company for each
regiment equipped with transport whose goal was to maintain strict military discipline and liquidation of any panic by all means, including use of arms to shoot the initiators of panic. These barrier forces were formed from ordinary military.
A report to
Beria on
October 10, 1941 says that since the beginning of the war the NKVD barrier troops stopped 657,364 lost or deserted personnel, of which 25,878 were arrested and 10,201 shot. The rest were formed into units and sent back to front.
The most notable application of barrier troops was Stalin's
Order No. 227.
Source
- Органы государственной безопасности СССР в Великой Отечественной войне. Сборник документов,
- Том 1. Книга 1. Накануне, Издательство "Книга и бизнес", (1995) ISBN 5-212-00804-2
- Том 1. Книга 2. Накануне, Издательство "Книга и бизнес", (1995) ISBN 5-212-00805-0
- Том 2. Книга 1. Начало, Издательство "Русь" (2000) ISBN 5-8090-0006-1
- Том 2. Книга 2. Начало, Издательство "Русь" (2000) ISBN 5-8090-0007-X
- Том 3. Книга 1. Крушение "Блицкрига", Издательство: Русь, 2003, ISBN 5-8090-0009-6
- Том 3. Книга 2. От обороны к наступлению, Издательство: Русь, 2003, ISBN 5-8090-0021-5
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